MODERN GREEK LANGUAGE - LANGUAGE AND TRANSLATION 1

The course is part of the integrative activities of Philology, literature and history of antiquity.
Modern Greek Language is included in the courses of the Master's Degree course in European, American and Post-Colonial Languages and Literatures and the Master's Degree in Language Sciences.
The course consists of a module held by the teacher in the first semester (we also recommend the frequency of annual language tutorials held by the expert mother tongue, Dr. E. Liosatou).

The course aims to develop knowledge and understanding of the Greek language, deepening of the theoretical aspects treated during the three years, methods of textual analysis, the history of literature; links with the history of culture; linguistic and cultural interrelations with Byzantine and classical literary production; the course attendance will develop specific skills on the terminology of textual analysis and literary criticism; there will be room for understanding literatures and cultures in a historical-comparative context to increase the interpretative, analytical and translation skills of Greek literary texts in katharevusa and in dimotikì.
The course intends:
Develop basic translational skills from Italian to Greek and advanced from Greek to Italian.
To develop metalinguistic proficiency in a Greek - Italian comparison of the main phenomena of the language and of the Greek literature in vernacular. Consolidate communication skills in Greek and knowledge of the Greek historical-literary profile.
The study of the vulgar and modern Greek literary history, through the historical profile from the first manifestations of the vernacular to modern and contemporary literary production (through the analysis carried out by M. Vitti in his History of Modern Greek literature, Venice 2016 ), will be broadened in a comparative key.
1. Knowledge and understanding
To know, understand and actively use the grammatical, morphological and syntactical structures of modern Greek in oral and written form; know and understand the historical dynamics that characterize the modern Greek language.
2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
Ability to recognize the phenomena of continuity and interference that affect the language, in a historical-cultural perspective. Ability to express themselves correctly in oral and written form providing adequate information both from the point of view of content and of the form of expression; ability to understand an oral and written discourse (both contemporary and in katharevusa).
3. Autonomy of judgment
Being able to develop the ability to evaluate the modern Greek language in the evolutionary context. Being able to perceive continuities and discontinuities. Being able to understand the different expressive registers.
Develop a critical capacity with respect to the historical and linguistic phenomena that interest the modern Greek language.
4. Communication skills
Be able to communicate in the language used today in modern Greece, using appropriate terminology.
5. Learning skills
Being able to develop specific methodological tools in the study of various linguistic phenomena; be able to take notes and share them in a collaborative way; be able to consult critically the reference texts and the bibliography contained in them; be able to use multimedia systems for active language learning.The student will acquire the ability to apply knowledge and understanding in the context of the Greek language and literature; will be able to autonomously carry out bibliographic research in the studied language; to produce critical comments, essays, short essays and a final thesis in the Greek language in the literary-cultural, historical and linguistic fields, elaborating the concepts learned and formulating a personal argument; to intervene in a specialized debate on the contents studied in a relevant way and to speak in public, supporting their positions; to translate literary texts, literary-cultural essays, scientific articles on the subject, works of contemporary culture (but also texts written in katharevusa) and to reflect critically on the translation act. Tools will be offered to the student to acquire confidence in high-level professional situations.

A2/B1 modern Greek
Erasmus students from Greece will agree on an integrative program according to their study plan.

Specific insights will focus on:

1. texts in early Modern Greek
2. Venice, Greek and Greeks.
3. Koraìs, Solomòs and Psicharis: reflections on language (between the end of the 18th and the end of the 20th century)
4. Teaching Greek language in Italy
5. Poetry and Music in modern Greek Tradition.

Reading, analysis and translation of some chapters of the Ιστορία της ελληνικής γλώσσας, ΜΙΕΤ, Αθήνα 1999, http://www.elia.org.gr/research-tools/history-of-the-greek-language/

The materials of the lessons (power point and bibliography) will be shared on the moodle platform.

Italian translation of Ιστορία της ελληνικής γλώσσας, ΜΙΕΤ, Αθήνα 1999, http://www.elia.org.gr/research-tools/history-of-the-greek-language/

On Moodle platform students will find power point and bibliography.

- Greeks, Books and Libraries in Renaissance Venice, edited by R. M. Piccione, De Gruyter, Berlin 2021
- Alpha Beta. Apprendere il greco in Italia (1350-1860), Scalpendi, Mialno 2023
- Κ. Τζαμαλή, Ι. Σκουνάκη, Στοιχεία Ελληνικής Ιστορίας και Ελληνικού Πολιτισμού, 2011, ISBN 978-960-7335-48-7, http://www.openbook.gr/stoixeia-ellinikis-istorias-kai-ellinikou-politismou/
- Ιστορία της ελληνικής γλώσσας, ΜΙΕΤ, Αθήνα 1999, http://www.elia.org.gr/research-tools/history-of-the-greek-language/
-Ταξίδι στην Ελλάδα, 2, Grigori, Atene 2018

https://www.openbook.gr/taxidi-sti-glwssa/

Films:
Theo Angelopoulos, L'eternità e un giorno
Tasos Boulmetis, Un tocco di zenzero
Pantelis Voulgaris, Nyfes
Emanuele Crialese, Nuovomondo
Manoel de Oliveira, Un film parlato

Ζητήματα γλωσσικής αλλαγής από την κοινή προς την νέα ελληνική, ΚΕΓ, Salonicco 2010
- G. Ieranò, Le parole della nostra stroria. Perché il greco ci riguarda, Universale Economica Feltrinelli, Marsilio, Venezia 2020

P. Mackridge, Mother and Daugthers, Roots and Branches: Modern Greek Perception of the Relationship between the Ancient and Modern Language, in A. Georgakoulou, M. Silk (eds), Standard Languages and Language Standars: Greek, Past and Present, Centre for Hellenic Studies, King's College London, Ashgate, London 2009, pp. 259-276.
S. Moschonàs, "Language Issues" after the "Language Question": On the Modern Standards of Standard Modern Greek, in A. Georgakoulou, M. Silk (eds), Standard Languages and Language Standards: Greek, Past and Present, Centre for Hellenic Studies, King's College London, Ashgate, London 2009, pp. 293-320.
S. Moschonàs, The discovery of Modern Greek as a second language, Journal of Applied Linguistics, 22 (2017), pp. 27-50.

http://www.greek-language.gr/digitalResources/ancient_greek/anthology/mythology/index.html , and http://epublishing.ekt.gr/el

- C. Carpinato-O. Tribulato (eds.), History and stories of the Greek language, ECF, Venice 2014
- C. Carpinato (et alii), Teaching modern languages on ancient roots, ECF, Venice 2018
- D. Holton, P. Mackridge, I. Philippaki Warburton, Greek, an essential grammar of the modern language, Routledge, New York 2016 (II ed.)
http://www.openbook.gr/epipeda-glwssomatheias-stin-elliniki-ws-deyteri-glwssa/
N. Toufexis, Diglossia and register variation in Medieval Greek, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, 32, 2, 2008, pp. 203-217

Dictionary: Modern-Italian Greek, Italian-Modern Greek, Second Edition, Zanichelli, Bologna 2013

M. Peri, Gli scambi linguistici fra Italia e Grecia. Compendio di una storia dimenticata, in Greco antico, neogreco e italiano. Dizionario dei prestiti e dei parallelismi, Zanichelli, Bologna 2008, pp. 7-154
- G. Ieranò, Le parole della nostra stroria. Perché il greco ci riguarda, Universale Economica Feltrinelli, Marsilio, Venezia 2020.

Reference texts for native-language students:
Γ. Κεχαγιόγλου, Από τον ύστερο Μεσαίωνα ως τον 18 αιώνα. Εισαγωγή στα παλιότερα κείμενα της νεοελληνικής λογοτεχνίας, ΙΝΣ, Θεσσαλονίκη 2009
C. Carpinato-O. Tribulato (eds.), History and stories of the Greek language, ECF, Venice 2014
Κ. Τζαμαλή, Ι. Σκουνάκη, Στοιχεία Ελληνικής Ιστορίας και Ελληνικού Πολιτισμού, 2011, ISBN 978-960-7335-48-7, http://www.openbook.gr/stoixeia-ellinikis-istorias-kai-ellinikou-politismou/

- G. Horrocks, Greek a History of the Language and its Speakers, Wiley-Blackwell, 2014
- D. Holton, I. Manolessou (eds), The Greek Language after Antiquity, Routledge, New York 2025

The assessment of expected learning outcomes is carried out through written and oral tests, in order to evaluate the knowledge and skills acquired through the lessons taught by the teacher and through language exercises.

The written exam, lasting a total of three hours, consists of: 1 short written text in Modern Greek (max 500 words) in the form of a letter, short essay or commentary on a given topic; 1 multiple-choice exercise to assess lexical and morphosyntactic skills; 1 exercise with open-ended questions; 1 translation into Italian of a 5-line text in Modern Greek. The oral exam consists of an interview that begins with a section to test the language skills acquired (3 open-ended questions to test listening comprehension and oral production); reading and translation of a passage of max five lines; 3/4 open-ended questions on topics covered in class during the course taught by the teacher.

written and oral

Both tests (written and oral) must be passed.
The assessment, which includes both the written and oral parts, is expressed as a mark out of 30. The exam is passed with marks ranging from 18 to 30, as follows:
between 18 and 24 if the student demonstrates sufficient knowledge of the course content, has made up to 10 errors in grammar, spelling and syntax (both in writing and orally), and has sufficiently expressed the course content, demonstrating that they have acquired essential and basic knowledge;
between 25 and 28 if the student demonstrates good knowledge of the topics and critical analysis skills, if they have made fewer than 4 to 9 errors in grammar, spelling, and syntax (both in writing and speaking), and if they have adequately and critically presented the content, thanks in part to individual study of the recommended bibliography;
between 29 and 30 if the student has made up to 3 errors in grammar, spelling, syntax (both in writing and speaking), if they demonstrate excellent knowledge of the topics, confidence in their presentation and excellent critical analysis skills, thanks also to individual study of the recommended bibliography and any specific in-depth studies.
Students who achieve a mark between 27 and 30 have attained the ability to communicate clearly and unambiguously in Modern Greek, have historical and linguistic skills relating to vernacular and modern Greek, and are able to express themselves confidently in Modern Greek.
Honours are awarded in exceptional cases, when the written text and oral presentation are free of formal errors and when excellent skills have been acquired, thanks also to individual study of the recommended bibliography and specific in-depth studies.

The course takes place in the first semester of the academic year and is organized as follows: lecturer's lectures in the first semester, linguistic exercises (Dr. Liosatou and Carpinato) during the entire academic year.
The lectures of the teacher are divided into two sections: during the first hour, elements of the history of the Greek language are presented, focusing on the narrative and the Greek poetry; the second hour is dedicated to reading, analyzing, translating and listening to Greek literary texts.
The student will also use online learning material for self-learning. Will make active use of the moodle platform and the LIM.
In itinere tests will be assigned, which will be corrected and discussed in class and will form part of the final evaluation. In addition to lectures, attendance at seminars with guests from other universities and with writers, and attendance of MOOC courses set up for self-learning will be required.
Individual study and the ability to organize in-depth material will be assessed as evidence of acquired maturity.

Each teaching unit follows the same didactic criteria:

1. preparatory phase (problem solving): the topic is presented through a reference grid (what, where, when, who and how; proposed theme, history, environment, linguistic specificity).

2. operational phase (learning by doing) provides educational activities (reading and analysis, translations, use of the LIM board) to develop skills starting from hidden, inherent and previous knowledge: starting from the guided discovery of the basic vocabulary to identify words within the proposed texts.

3. reconstructive phase: (reflective learning), in order to activate the dynamic collaboration of those who are learning the method, the language and the contents.

4. evaluation phase (evaluation): before passing to the final phase of the exams (written and oral) students are invited during the course to take simple tests for the evaluation and self-assessment of what they have learned.

The course consists of two sections: one with lectures held by the teacher and one with linguistic exercises by E. Liosatou.
ERASMUS exchanges are active (Athens, Corfu, Komotini, Crete).

A visit to the monuments of the Greek diaspora in Venice is planned; in-depth meetings on the transition from koinè to vulgar Greek.

Professor Katerina Tiktopoulou, visiting scholar, from the University of Thessaloniki will be present.

This subject deals with topics related to the macro-area "Human capital, health, education" and contributes to the achievement of one or more goals of U. N. Agenda for Sustainable Development