ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY

The course of Organic Chemistry and laboratory is one of the fundamental courses of the chemical disciplines in the Environmental Sciences degree. The course aims to introduce the most common organic compounds, discuss their structures and study their reactivities. In addition, during the course, the most common organic pollutants are introduced for the first time with the aim of gaining a better understanding of the interconnection between their molecular structure and their relative toxicity. Furthermore, the synthetic structures and methods of different organic dyes will be highlighted.

1. Knowledge and understanding
- Understanding of the most common chemical structures present in the organic compounds;
- Knowledge of the nomenclature of organic molecules.
- Knowledge of the chemical-physical properties of the different functional groups including the eventual toxicity.
- Knowledge and Understanding of the reactivity of the functional groups and to understand the different reactivity of the most common electrophilic and nucleophilic compounds.

2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
- Applying correctly the knowledge acquired for the identification of the molecular structure of organic compounds (i.e. hybridization)
- Applying the terminology and nomenclature inherent in organic compounds perfectly.
- Ability in interpreting the chemical-physical properties and possible toxicity of organic compounds according to their structure and the presence of the different functional groups present.
- Ability to apply the acquired knowledge for the identification of the reactivity of the different electrophiles and nucleophiles studied during the course.

3. Ability to judge
- Ability in discussing the properties of organic compounds based on their chemical structure.
- Ability in discussing the most common reaction mechanisms

4. Communication skills
- Ability in reporting the concepts acquired on the common functional groups, using appropriate terminology.
- Knowing how to interact with peers and with the tutor, in a critical and respectful manner, in the presence and on the course's facebook page.

5. Learning skills
- Improving the ability in taking notes during classes and share them in a collaborative way with the colleagues.
- Being able to consult critically the reference texts and the bibliography contained in them.

For the Organic Chemistry course is highly recommended to have passed the exam in General Chemistry or have very good notions of General Chemistry.

The Organic Chemistry class is focused on the study of the major functional groups in organic chemistry, on the understanding of organic synthesis and related reaction mechanisms.

In particular, the course will cover the following topics:
- Covalent bond and molecular orbitals (4h)
- Acids and bases in organic chemistry (2h)
- Alkanes and cycloalkanes (4h)
- Alkenes and alkynes (5h)
- Chirality (3h)
- Alkyl halides (nucleophilic substitution) (2h)
- Alcohols, ethers and epoxides (3h)
- Benzene and its derivatives (5h)
- Amines (2h)
- Aldehydes and ketones (6h)
- Carboxylic acids (2h)
- Functional derivatives of carboxylic acids (4h)
- Carbohydrates (4h)
- Exercises in class (4h)

The remaining 12 hours will be used for the following laboratory activities:

1. Recognition of Functional Groups (4h)
2. Separation of organic compounds by thin layer chromatography (4h)
3. Liquid-liquid extraction (4h)

"Introduction to Organic Chemistry" di William Brown Thomas Poon
"Guida Ragionata allo svolgimento di esercizi di Chimica Organica" M. V. D'auria, O. Taglialatela Scafati, A. Zampella, Loghia Pubblications (This book is present only in Italian, for advise on Organic chemistry exercises book in English please contact the teacher)

The method of verifying the learning of the concepts of the course will be evaluated through a written exam. The written test will include questions and exercises on the whole program in the classroom.

written

The method of verifying the learning of the course concepts will be assessed through a written exam.
The test will include questions and exercises on the entire program covered in class.
Students who have passed the written exam may, at their discretion, ask to also take an oral exam.

In evaluating the answers to the written exam (and possibly the oral exam) the following will be considered:
(1) knowledge of the topic
(2) knowledge of the nomenclature of compounds, of the required reaction mechanisms and of the concepts related to Green chemistry;
(3) Clarity of exposition
(4) use of appropriate scientific language.

The final score of the exam will be assigned according to the following gradation:
18-22: sufficient knowledge of the fundamental concepts of organic chemistry, with correct answers only on basic concepts. Many topics have not been explored in depth, some reaction mechanisms are not treated in detail. .
23-26: fair knowledge of the concepts related to organic chemistry, with a good number of correct answers. The answers are clearly inaccurate or lack of depth.
27-30: Very good/excellent knowledge of the subject. The answers on fundamental concepts of Organic Chemistry and on reaction mechanisms are detailed and well argued.
Honors: excellent mastery of the topics, with very detailed answers to the questions and excellent presentation skills.

This class will include frontal lecture as well as exercises on the blackboard.
The slides presented during classes will be uploaded on the moodle platform.

To request more information on the course or to clarify the topics covered during the course, you can contact the teacher by email or arrange a meeting at his office (Delta building ground floor).

This subject deals with topics related to the macro-area "Climate change and energy" and contributes to the achievement of one or more goals of U. N. Agenda for Sustainable Development