ACCOUNTING AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION-2

The course contributes to the educational objectives of the the Bachelor's Degree Programme, which aims to provide the knowledge needed to critically analyze economic phenomena at various levels (macroeconomic, market, company), to know decision-making processes of economic organizations and to address entities’ economic problems. Therefore, these objectives require adequate knowledge to identify the economic and financial effects of an entity’s events, to record them with bookkeeping and to prepare the financial statements according to Italian regulation.

1 KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
As students of the ECONOMIA E COMMERCIO - Bachelor's Degree Programme have to know and understand how entities implement their decision-making processes to face economic problems, at the end of this course students will know financial statements and the other tools to support decisions. Therefore, they are expected to know and understand:
- the economic and financial nature of an entity’s events;
- the method of double entry bookkeeping applied for the preparation of both balance sheet and income statement;
- the ways by which accounting records of daily transactions affect the preparation of financial statements;
- the adjusting entries to be recorded at the end of the accounting period in order to rectify and supplement the information described above (in the previous point). These adjustments permit the proper recognition of both income and equity at the end of such period;
- the main Italian regulatory framework to be considered for the proper evaluation of bookkeeping entries.

2 APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
The students of the ECONOMIA E COMMERCIO - Bachelor's Degree Programme must be able to contextualize their knowledge and apply it to concrete situations through the analysis and processing of accounting data. At the end of this teaching course, the students will be able:
- to record the main accounting entries needed to prepare financial statements;
- to draw up the income statement and the final balance sheet considering the accounting data available from the opening balance sheet (at the beginning of the accounting period), the description of the transactions taking place during the accounting period, and the information needed to carry out the final adjustments.

Since this course provides basic knowledge about accounting bookkeeping and Italian financial statements, no previous knowledge is required. Students must have acquired only the general entity’s notions and the basic language about business processes, attending the first part of the course (Business Admistration - 1).

Logics and methods of accounting:
- cycle of operations: production operations and financing operations;
- double entry bookkeeping.

Recording of transactions during the accounting period:
- purchases of goods and services;
- employee costs;
- purchases of fixed assets;
- sales;
- shareholders’ equity transactions;
- financing and investments in financial assets.

Influence of management operations on income and capital.

Accounting regulation and standards.

Principles for the preparation of financial statements.

Adjusting and closing entries about:
- tangible and intangible assets;
- inventories;
- securities and investments;
- prepayments and accruals;
- cash and equivalent accounting items;
- provisions for risks and charges, severance indemnities and post-employment benefits;
- debts and other liabilities.

Contents of financial statements:
- format of financial statements;
- financial disclosure.

Economia Aziendale 2 Contabilità e bilancio, McGraw-Hill, 2025.

Recommended reading list:
- P. Andrei, A.M. Fellegara (a cura di), Contabilità generale e bilancio d'impresa, IV ed., Giappichelli, 2017
- R. Di Pietra, G. Ianniello, A. Paris, Il bilancio d'impresa, Cedam, 2017.
- L. Marchi (a cura di), Introduzione alla contabilità d'impresa, VI ed., Giappichelli, 2017.

The exam of Business Admistration covers both the first part (Business Admistration - 1) and the second part of the course (Business Admistration - 2). It consists of both a written test and an oral exam. Students must have passed the written test before taking the oral exam.
The written exam lasts 1 hour and 30 minutes and concerns the program of the second part of course (Business Admistration - 2). It requires the solution of two exercises:
a) Exercise A consists of preparing the balance sheet and the income statement of a firm according to the following information: the opening balance sheet; a list of transactions during the accounting period; a list of adjusting entries at the end of the accounting period. Exercise A is worth 25/30 of the grade of the written test
b) Exercise B consists of recording of complex transactions according to both the journal entries and the T-accounts (ledger); Exercise B is worth 5/30 of the grade of the written test

Those who pass the written test in Business Economics - 2 (obtaining a grade of at least 18/30) can access the oral testThe oral exam is mainly relative to the program of the first part of the course (Business Administration - 1).

The final grade is based on the positive evaluations of both exams.

written

The grade will be assigned according to the following methods:
A. Scores in the 18-22 range will be assigned in the presence of:
- sufficient knowledge and understanding applied in reference to the course program;
- limited ability to apply knowledge by making independent judgments;
- sufficient communication skills, especially in relation to the use of specific language relating to the course program;
B. Scores between 23 and 26 will be assigned in the presence of:
- reasonable knowledge and understanding applied in reference to the course syllabus;
- reasonable ability to apply knowledge expressing independent judgement;
- fair communication skills, especially in relation to the use of specific language relating to the course programme;
C. scores between 27 and 30 will be assigned in the presence of:
- good or excellent knowledge and ability to understand applied in relation to the course program;
- good or excellent ability to apply knowledge with independent judgement;
- fully adequate communication skills, especially in relation to the use of specific language relating to the course program;
D. honors will be awarded in the presence of applied knowledge and understanding in relation to the program, excellent judgment and communication skills.

The course includes lectures during which the theoretical concepts will be explained, and several examples about accounting entries and preparation of financial statements will be offered.
The course is associated with tutorials that insist on the most applicative aspects of the program.

- The positive grade in the written test represents an essential condition for taking the following oral examination.

- REGISTRATION FOR EXAM. Online registration is COMPULSORY. In case of registration problems, students are required to contact the economic campus a reasonable number of days BEFORE deadline.

Accessibility, Disability and Inclusion
Accommodation and support services for students with disabilities and students with specific learning impairments
Ca’ Foscari abides by Italian Law (Law 17/1999; Law 170/2010) regarding support
services and accommodation available to students with disabilities. This includes students with
mobility, visual, hearing and other disabilities (Law 17/1999), and specific learning impairments (Law 170/2010). If you have a disability or impairment that requires accommodations (i.e., alternate testing, readers, note takers or interpreters) please contact the Disability and Accessibility Offices in Student Services: disabilita@unive.it.