HYDROLOGY

The course aims to provide advanced knowledge in hydrology for the estimation, assessment, management, and modeling of surface and groundwater resources, as well as for the design of engineering works related to their management. The course addresses the main components of the hydrological cycle, including precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, infiltration, flow in saturated and unsaturated porous media, and surface and river runoff. Students are introduced to field and modeling methods for measuring and estimating the fluxes associated with these processes, and to the application of results to real case studies for water resource monitoring and management. Practical sessions include data analysis and hydrological modeling.

pon completion of the course, students will be able to:

- Define, explain, and correctly use terminology and concepts describing hydrological processes, including precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, infiltration, saturated flow, and surface and river runoff;
- Understand the hydrological cycle;
- Apply knowledge to solve hydrological problems, including the estimation of magnitude and frequency of specific events;
- Use hydrological models to estimate quantities of engineering interest;
- Assess flood risk;
- Critically read and interpret scientific hydrological literature;
- Write clear and structured reports on practical exercises.

Differential Calculus and Fluid Mechanics

- Introduction: Hydrological cycle, hydrological processes, water balance;
- Probability and statistics in hydrology: Return period, frequency analysis, risk;
- Precipitation: Types, variability, measurement methods;
- Geostatistical models (Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighting);
- Evaporation;
- Infiltration;
- Irrigation;
- Surface hydrology: Surface runoff and hydrological response theory;
- Groundwater hydrology: Saturated flow and aquifers.

Practical Sessions (Matlab + QGIS)

- Rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve estimation;
- Hydrological modeling;
- River network extraction from digital elevation model (DEM) analysis.

Evaluation of written reports on practical exercises;
Oral examination covering the course topics; Calculation of hydrological quantities; Completion and discussion of practical assignments.

oral

The lecturer has a duty to ensure that the rules regarding the authenticity and originality of exam tests and papers are respected. Therefore, if there is suspicion of irregular conduct, an additional assessment may be conducted, which could differ from the original exam description.

Student assessment is designed to evaluate the following levels of knowledge and understanding:

Grade 28–30 cum laude (30L) Excellent knowledge of the subject, with the ability to apply acquired knowledge and tools deductively to new and previously unseen problems;
Grade 24–27: Good knowledge of the subject, with the ability to apply acquired knowledge and tools to problems similar to those previously addressed;
Grade 18–23: Satisfactory knowledge of the subject, with the ability to apply acquired knowledge and tools to problems similar to those previously addressed, with some conceptual and/or computational inaccuracies.

Lectures;
In-class practical exercises.

This subject deals with topics related to the macro-area "Natural capital and environmental quality" and contributes to the achievement of one or more goals of U. N. Agenda for Sustainable Development